NREMT Paramedic Practice

Why is the mortality rate high in cases of amniotic fluid embolism?

1. Due to delayed diagnosis

2. Because of its sudden onset

3. It mainly affects older mothers

4. It is often caused by underlying health conditions

The correct answer is: Because of its sudden onset

The high mortality rate in cases of amniotic fluid embolism is primarily attributed to its sudden onset. This condition occurs when amniotic fluid, fetal cells, hair, or other debris enter the maternal circulation, leading to an immediate and severe reaction. The abrupt nature of this event often results in rapid clinical deterioration, which can overwhelm the body’s ability to respond effectively. Patients may experience cardiovascular collapse, respiratory distress, and disseminated intravascular coagulation almost instantly, making timely intervention crucial. The rapid progression of symptoms can leave healthcare providers with very little time to react, which contributes to the increased mortality rate associated with this condition. While factors such as delayed diagnosis, age of the mother, or pre-existing health conditions can influence outcomes, they are not the primary reasons for the high mortality rate associated with amniotic fluid embolism. The immediacy of the event and its severe consequences are what primarily elevate the risk of fatality.