NREMT Paramedic Practice

Which two conditions make up Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?

1. Myocardial infarction and hypertension

2. Aortic dissection and rupture

3. Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff's psychosis

4. Pneumonia and bronchitis

The correct answer is: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff's psychosis

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome is characterized by two interrelated conditions: Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff's psychosis. Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute phase that typically presents with confusion, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia due to thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, which is often seen in patients with chronic alcohol abuse or malnutrition. If not addressed, Wernicke encephalopathy can lead to Korsakoff's psychosis, a chronic condition associated with significant memory impairment, confabulation, and other cognitive deficits. Together, these conditions illustrate the severe impact of thiamine deficiency on the brain, particularly in vulnerable populations. Recognition of these conditions is crucial for timely intervention, often through thiamine supplementation, to prevent the progression from Wernicke encephalopathy to the chronic state of Korsakoff's syndrome. The other options presented depict entirely different medical conditions, which do not relate to Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome.