NREMT Paramedic Practice

What is the consequence of an abnormal pH level in the body?

1. Increased metabolism

2. Decreased protein synthesis

3. Impaired enzyme function

4. Enhanced cellular respiration

The correct answer is: Impaired enzyme function

An abnormal pH level in the body can significantly impair enzyme function. Enzymes are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions essential for physiological processes, and their activity is highly dependent on the pH level of their environment. Each enzyme has an optimal pH at which it functions best, and deviations from this optimal range can lead to a decrease in enzymatic activity. When the body's pH is altered, for example, becoming too acidic or too alkaline, the shape and charge of the enzyme can change, impacting its ability to bind to substrates effectively. This means that the reactions catalyzed by these enzymes can slow down or even stop, leading to a cascade of metabolic disturbances within the body. In contrast, while abnormal pH levels may influence metabolism, protein synthesis, and cellular respiration, the primary and most immediate concern is the impairment of enzyme function. This impairment can have widespread effects throughout the body, affecting various metabolic pathways and physiological functions.