NREMT Paramedic Practice

What is characterized by apathy, poor retentive memory, and retrograde amnesia?

1. Depression

2. Korsakoff's psychosis

3. Generalized anxiety disorder

4. Obsessive-compulsive disorder

The correct answer is: Korsakoff's psychosis

Korsakoff's psychosis is a chronic neurocognitive disorder often associated with long-term alcohol use and nutritional deficiencies, particularly thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency. It classically presents with symptoms such as apathy, poor retentive memory, and retrograde amnesia. Individuals may show significant memory impairments, making it difficult for them to recall past events, which is termed retrograde amnesia. Additionally, this condition can lead to confabulation, where individuals may produce fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories without the intention to deceive. The apathy observed in Korsakoff's psychosis reflects a reduced motivation or interest in activities, which further distinguishes it from other disorders like depression that may involve a more pervasive low mood alongside loss of interest. While each of the other conditions listed may present with some cognitive symptoms, they do not specifically capture the hallmark features of apathy and retrograde amnesia as seen in Korsakoff's psychosis.