NREMT Paramedic Practice

What immediate first aid measure should be taken for jellyfish stings?

1. Rinse with fresh water

2. Wash with vinegar or baking soda

3. Apply ice directly to the sting area

4. Cover the area with a bandage

The correct answer is: Wash with vinegar or baking soda

The appropriate immediate first aid measure for jellyfish stings is to wash the affected area with vinegar or baking soda. Vinegar is particularly effective because it helps neutralize the toxins released by the jellyfish and prevents the nematocysts, which are the stinging cells, from releasing more venom. By applying vinegar, it can also help to inactivate certain types of jellyfish stings, especially box jellyfish, which can cause severe reactions. Using baking soda can also provide relief by creating an alkaline environment, but vinegar is the most recommended and widely accepted method. This approach effectively minimizes pain and reduces the potential for further envenomation. Rinsing with fresh water is generally not advised, as it may trigger the stinging cells to release more venom. Applying ice can provide temporary pain relief but does not address the underlying issue. Covering the area with a bandage does not treat the sting and may cause further irritation or complicate the situation. Therefore, washing the affected area with vinegar stands out as the most effective measure for immediate care after a jellyfish sting.