NREMT Paramedic Practice

What condition is indicated if a patient exhibits crescendo-decrescendo breathing?

1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2. Cheyne-Stokes breathing

3. Sleep apnea

4. Acute respiratory distress syndrome

The correct answer is: Cheyne-Stokes breathing

Crescendo-decrescendo breathing is a pattern characterized by a gradual increase in the depth and frequency of breaths followed by a gradual decrease, often culminating in a temporary cessation of breathing. This pattern is commonly associated with Cheyne-Stokes respiration, which is frequently observed in conditions such as heart failure, stoke, or severe central nervous system disorders. It can also occur in the terminal stages of life, where the respiratory drive fluctuates due to changes in chemical stimuli or neurological impairment. The smooth alternation between increasing and decreasing breath amplitude can provide key insights into the underlying pathophysiological processes affecting respiratory control. Understanding this pattern is crucial for assessing the patient's condition and determining the most effective management strategies.