NREMT Paramedic Practice

Atelectasis refers to what condition in the respiratory system?

1. Inflammation of the alveoli

2. Collapse of lung tissue

3. Fluid accumulation in the lungs

4. Expansion of the diaphragm

The correct answer is: Collapse of lung tissue

Atelectasis is identified as the collapse of lung tissue, which typically affects the alveoli. When these tiny air sacs collapse, they can no longer effectively exchange gases, leading to reduced oxygenation and potential respiratory complications. This condition may develop due to various factors, such as blockages in the airways (e.g., mucus plugs), pressure from outside the lung (as in pleural effusion), or post-surgical conditions where patients are not taking deep breaths. Understanding atelectasis is crucial for healthcare providers, as it can impact ventilation-perfusion mismatches and lead to hypoxemia if not managed appropriately. The other options address different respiratory issues. Inflammation of the alveoli, which refers to pneumonia or other inflammatory processes affecting the alveolar sacs, is not indicative of atelectasis. Fluid accumulation in the lungs typically describes conditions like pulmonary edema or pleural effusion rather than the collapse of lung tissue itself. Lastly, the expansion of the diaphragm pertains to the mechanics of breathing rather than a pathological condition affecting lung structure.